Analysis of the feasibility of using shredded waste from group 19 12 10/12 in unbound mixtures for embankment construction

Bartłomiej Krawczyk; Dariusz Dobrucki

doi:10.7409/rabdim.026.014

Received: 2026-08-06
Accepted: 2026-09-22
Published: 2026-10-02

Vol. 25 No. 3 (2026)

Analysis of the feasibility of using shredded waste from group 19 12 10/12 in unbound mixtures for embankment construction

Bartłomiej Krawczyk

, Dariusz Dobrucki

Section: Articles

https://doi.org/10.7409/rabdim.026.014

Abstract

The paper investigates the feasibility of incorporating materials obtained from the sorting and mechanical processing of waste into unbound mixtures intended for road embankment construction. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of adding shredded waste from groups 19 12 10/12 on the mechanical performance of unbound mixtures designed for road embankments and to determine the maximum waste content that satisfies the applicable technical requirements. The experimental programme comprised laboratory tests to determine compaction characteristics, California Bearing Ratio (CBR), coefficient of permeability and internal friction angle of soil/aggregate mixtures containing different proportions of shredded waste. The applicability and limitations of these materials were analysed with reference to current technical specifications and international experience. The results demonstrate that shredded waste from groups 19 12 12/10 can be successfully incorporated into materials used for road embankment construction, providing significant economic, social and environmental benefits.

Keywords:

unbound mixtures, road embankment, recycling, shredded waste from groups 19 12 10/12

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Krawczyk, B., & Dobrucki, D. (2026). Analysis of the feasibility of using shredded waste from group 19 12 10/12 in unbound mixtures for embankment construction. Roads and Bridges – Drogi I Mosty, 25(3), 211–224. https://doi.org/10.7409/rabdim.026.014

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Bartłomiej Krawczyk

b.krawczyk@pwr.edu.pl
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2595-9851

Affiliation:

Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering, 41 Wybrzeże Stanisława Wyspiańskiego St., 50-370 Wrocław Poland

Dariusz Dobrucki

https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4877-3348

Affiliation:

Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering, 41 Wybrzeże Stanisława Wyspiańskiego St., 50-370 Wrocław Poland

Analysis of the feasibility of using shredded waste from group 19 12 10/12 in unbound mixtures for embankment construction

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Bartłomiej Krawczyk

Dariusz Dobrucki